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| mashgiach | ||
| (Hebrew) Rabbi trained to certify foods as kosher. |
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| matzah | ||
| (Hebrew, "unleavened bread"). Also spelled matzo or mazzah. Unleaved (non-yeast) bread used during Passover based on Exodus 12:39, in which the Israelites fled Egypt with only unleavened bread because they could not wait for the dough to rise. Called the "bread of affliction" based on Deuteronomy 16:3. See Jewish Holidays: Passover. |
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| mazel tov | ||
| (Hebrew, "good planetary influences "). "Good luck." Usually said at the end of a wedding or upon hearing good news. |
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| menorah | ||
| (Hebrew, "candelabrum"). A seven-branch candlestick. Part of the furnishings of the tabernacle in the wilderness and the Temple in Jerusalem. In 1948 it became the official symbol of the State of Israel. Often used to refer to the chanukkiah. |
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| mezuzah | ||
| (Hebrew, "doorpost"). Small parchment of Torah verses placed on the doorpost of Jewish homes in obedience to Deut. 6:9. |
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| Midrash | ||
| (from Hebrew derash, "sermon"). Stories, sermons, parables, and other material explaining the Talmud. See Jewish Texts: Midrash. |
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| mikva | ||
| body of natural water used for ritual cleansing |
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| minyan | ||
| Quota of ten adult Jews required for certain prayers and observances. |
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| Mishnah | ||
| (Hebrew, "a teaching that is repeated"). Rabbinic commentary on the Torah and part of the Talmud. Codified c. 200 CE by Judah Ha-Nasi. See Texts: Mishnah. |
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| Mishneh Torah | ||
| (Hebrew, "repetition of Torah"). The book of Deuteronomy or, more commonly, the code of Maimonides. |
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| mitzvot | ||
| (Hebrew "commandments"). Commandments; religious actions (singular mitzvah). Sometimes used more generally to refer to any good deed. See Practices: Mitzvot. |
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| mohel | ||
| (MOY-el) The person who performs the ritual of circumcision. Must be an observant Jew trained in the applicable Jewish law and surgical technique. |
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