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| Immaculate Conception | ||
| Roman Catholic doctrine that the Virgin Mary was born without original sin. |
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| impassibility of God | ||
| Philosophical idea, influenced by Platonism, that God cannot suffer. |
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| imprimatur | ||
(Latin, "let it be printed"). Official authorization to print a book or other work, usually granted by a bishop for Catholic publications. |
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| Incarnation | ||
| In general, to take on a bodily form. In Christianity, the historical event in which God became a man in Jesus of Nazareth. According to the gospel of John: "The Word became flesh (Lat. carne) and dwelt among us." |
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| indulgences | ||
| In Roman Catholicism, a partial remission of temporal (non-eternal) punishment for sin after the guilt of sin has been forgiven through penance. The concept of indulgences grew out of the beliefs that (1) divine justice demanded the sinner pay for his or her misdeeds even though they have been forgiven, either in this life or in Purgatory; (2) giving alms to the church is a penitential work; and (3) the church possessed a treasury of merit earned by the saints that could be applied to sinners. By the late Middle Ages, the system of indulgences was rampantly abused, and greedy ecclesiastics and hired salesmen sold tickets to heaven in order to fund expensive building projects and line their own pockets. The abuses were stopped at the reforming Council of Trent in 1562, and today one must do good works, not pay money, to earn indulgences. |
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