| |
 |
Chapter 5 - Fourth Lateran Council |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Fourth Lateran Council 1215 CE |
|
|
| Summary |
Date |
Nov. 11 to 30, 1215
|
Called by |
Pope Innocent III |
Presided by |
Pope Innocent III |
Attendance |
71 patriarchs and metropolitans, 412 bishops, 900 abbots and prio |
Key topics |
Crusader States, Investiture Controversy |
Documents & Statements |
Seventy papal decrees, transubstantiation, papal primacy, conduct of clergy, confession at least once a year, Fifth Crusade.
|
|
|
|
|
Background |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This council sanctioned a definition of the Eucharist in which the word transubstantiation was used officially for the first time. The council also attempted to organize a new crusade to the Holy Land and to encourage crusading efforts against the Albigenses and Waldenses. Many precepts still binding on Roman Catholics (such as the Easter duty, or obligation, of annual confession and Holy Communion) were adopted at this council.
|
|
|
Key Innovations for elimination of heresy and heretics |
|
|
Re-emphasis of Papal Bull Si adversus vos (1205 CE) forbidding any legal help for heretics: "We strictly prohibit you, lawyers and notaries, from assisting in any way, by council or support, all heretics and such as believe In them, adhere to them, render them any assistance or defend them in any way. " |
|
|
First laws in human history introduced to permit religious and legal permission for mass extermination and genocide of people, groups, ethnic races and regions accused of "heresy", namely: |
|
| |
"..Convicted heretics shall be handed over for due punishment to their secular superiors, or the latter's agents. ...If a temporal Lord neglects to fulfill the demand of the Church that he shall purge his land of the contamination of heresy, he shall be excommunicated by the metropolitan and other bishops of the province. If he fails to make amends within a year, it shall be reported to the Supreme Pontiff, who shall pronounce his vassals absolved from fealty to him and offer his land to Catholics. The latter shall exterminate the heretics, possess the land without dispute and preserve it in the true faith... " |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
Copyright © 2010 One-Faith-Of-God.Org. All rights reserved.
|
|
|
